" (...) Sympathetic commentators lauded NSS 2002 shortly after its publication, arguing that “acting preemptively”(2) was a shrewd way for the United States to seize the strategic high ground in the “war on terror.”(3) On the other hand, skeptics cautioned that by asserting a prerogative to hit first against " William W. Keller and Gordon R. Mitchell Preemption, Prevention, Prevarication Year: 2006 https://www.upress.pitt.edu/htmlSourceFiles/pdfs/9780822959366exr.pdf page 3
"terrorists and states that harbor them, the Bush administration risked unraveling the fabric of international law governing the use of force.(4) In explaining their new strategy, Bush officials emphasized a reminder: “Preemption is not a new concept.”(5) Indeed, Article 51 of the United Nations (UN) Charter implicitly recognizes a right to “anticipatory self-defense,” one that has been invoked previously by nations facing imminent security threats.(6) (...)" William W. Keller and Gordon R. Mitchell Preemption, Prevention, Prevarication Year: 2006 https://www.upress.pitt.edu/htmlSourceFiles/pdfs/9780822959366exr.pdf page 4