Antti-Ilari Partanen1, Harri Kokkola1, Sami Romakkaniemi2, Veli-Matti Kerminen3, Kari E. J. Lehtinen1,2, Tommi Bergman1, Antti Arola1 andHannele Korhonen1
Direct and indirect effects of sea spray geoengineering and the role of injected particle size.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (1984–2012)
Volume 117, Issue D2, 27 January 2012
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2011JD016428/full1Kuopio Unit, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Kuopio, Finland
2Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
3Climate Change, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
"(...) Subsequent studies
with more complete treatments of aerosol–cloud interactions have produced both stronger (Alterskjær et al., 2012; Partanen et al., 2012) and weaker (Korhonen et al., 2010a) changes. Because the initial response to cloud seeding is local, high-resolution, limited-domain simulations are especially useful to explore the efficacy of seeding. One recent study of this type (Wang et al., 2011a) found that cloud brightening is sensitive to cloud dynamical adjustments that are difficult to treat in current GCMs (Sections 7.4.3 and 7.5.3) and concluded that the seeding rates initially proposed for cloud seeding may be insufficient to produce the desired cloud brightening. Recent studies accounting for clear-sky brightening from increased aerosol concentrations (i.e., ERFari) also found an increase in the amplitude of the ERF by 30 to 50% (Hill and Ming, 2012; Partanen et al., 2012), thereby making the aerosol seeding more effective than previous estimates that neglected that effect. (...)"
http://www.climatechange2013.org/images/report/WG1AR5_ALL_FINAL.pdf
