The aerosol toxins....
Name: Mercury
Symbol: Hg
Mercury in the air may settle into water bodies and affect water quality. This airborne mercury can fall to the ground in raindrops, in dust, or simply due to gravity (known as “air deposition”). After the mercury falls, it can end up in streams, lakes, or estuaries, where it can be transferred to methylmercury through microbial activity. Common symptoms of mercury poisoning include peripheral neuropathy (presenting as paresthesia or itching, burning or pain), skin discoloration (pink cheeks, fingertips and toes), swelling, and desquamation (shedding of skin).

Name: Carbon Monoxide
Symbol: CO
Carbon monoxide (CO), also called carbonous oxide, is a colorless, odorless and tasteless gas which is slightly lighter than air. It is highly toxic to humans and animals in higher quantities

Name: Barium
Symbol: Ba
Extended exposure to high levels of barium has been found to cause changes in heart rhythm, kidney problems, significant weight loss, paralysis and death.

Name: Nitritc Acid
Symbol: HNO3
Among one of the serious side effects of acid pollution on humans is respiratory problems. The chemicals in acid rain also give rise to respiratory problems such as asthma, dry coughs, headaches, eye, nose and throat irritations.

Name:Hydrogen Peroxide
Symbol: H2O2

Name: Formaldehyde
Symbol: CH2O

The following information is from one of the ARM - pdf link:
5.11 Cloud Processing of Hg-Mercury in the Arctic Troposphere
Science Objective: The primary scientific objective will be the long-range transport of pollutants to the Arctic??, the cloud processing of pollutants in the Arctic, aerosol optical closure, contributions to CCN closure, and contributions to the overall ISDAC scientific objectives.
General Aircraft Flight Profiles:
• Pre-cloud (cloud base) air Hg and CO measurements
• In-cloud interstitial Hg and CO vertical profiles
• LWC and cloud droplet size distribution vertical profiles

Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC)
http://acrf-campaign.arm.gov/isdac/

Final Preparations Underway for Arctic Aerosol Field Campaign
February 29, 2008
http://www.arm.gov/cms/?s=AVP+Aircraft+Instrumentation

The primary goals of DC3 are to:
1) Quantify and characterize the convective transport of fresh emissions and water to the upper troposphere within the first few hours of active convection, investigating storm dynamics and 16 January 2009 physics, lightning and its production of nitrogen oxides, cloud hydrometeors effects on scavenging of species, surface emission variability, and chemistry in the anvil.
2) Quantify the changes in chemistry and composition in the upper troposphere after active convection, focusing on 12-48 hours after convection and the seasonal transition of the chemical composition of the UT. Ancillary goals include examining the influence of aerosols on droplet/storm formation, secondary aerosol formation, and the transport of halogens to the upper troposphere. These goals will be accomplished through coordinated, research-grade observations from a variety of platforms combined with numerical modeling tools on a range of scales and over the full spectrum of complexity (box models, cloud-scale models, lightning discharge models, regional models, and global models), making use of data assimilation approaches where feasible. These goals are designed to fill gaps in our understanding at the process level and then will allow us to test and adjust parameterizations describing the influence of convection on chemical constituents in regional and global atmospheric models. .
Hypothesis 1. Inert tracers are transported primarily to the upper troposphere within 3-5 km of the tropopause in shear-driven storms, such as those found in Colorado and Oklahoma, and can be used to determine the maximum outflow altitude, which will be different than cloud top height, the level of neutral buoyancy, and the maximum ice content altitude. These same inert tracers are transported throughout the free troposphere in air mass thunderstorms, more common in the southeastern U.S. This implies that shear-driven thunderstorms contribute more to UTLS chemistry, ozone production, and cross tropopause transport than air mass thunderstorms.
Hypothesis 2. In the anvil and near the convective cores, soluble species, e.g. HNO3, H2O2 and CH2O, will be depleted compared to their background UT mixing ratios because ice scavenges the dissolved species in cloud water within the convective core. Furthermore, because of the short time an air parcel is in contact with liquid water and the high updraft speeds, transport of soluble species to the UT will be more efficient in the high plains (Colorado) storms compared to the storms in northern Alabama. The warmer cloud bases and greater moisture contents in Oklahoma and Alabama have larger liquid water regions resulting in more efficient scavenging of soluble species.
1. Aerosol life cycle, especially new particle formation, growth, and secondary aerosol formation (especially secondary organic aerosol), and including the effects of primary particle emissions, precursor gases, and cloud processing; the influence of these processes on amount- and size distributed composition of aerosols; and the modification of aerosol amount and properties by
Anthropogenic emissions.
2. Aerosol optical properties, their dependence on relative humidity, and the relation to size-distributed composition.
3. Aerosol cloud nucleating properties, including the influences of aerosols on cloud microphysical properties.
Current aerosol models need improvement in several areas: emissions; mechanisms, and rates of new particle formation and their dependence on controlling variables, growth, and aging; distinguishing natural and anthropogenic influences; and computational efficiency of model representation. In addition, the models need to be systematically evaluated to determine the cause of differences between simulated and observed aerosol properties of clouds (liquid and solid phase clouds) on the transformation of Hg in the atmosphere.To understand the potential effects
Hypothesis 7. In sampling the convective plume 12-48 hours after convection, we expect to find that 8-12 pp bv ozone will be produced per day due to high NOx and enhanced concentrations of HOx precursor species…
Hypothesis 8. Survey flights at the end of June from the central U.S. to the northern Caribbean will find the greatest UT ozone and NOx mixing ratios above the Gulf of Mexico and Florida.
Daily ozonesonde/LIDAR profiles from Huntsville, Alabama will document the seasonal build up and decay of the UT ozone enhancement from May to September.
In addition to these primary hypotheses, several secondary hypotheses will be addressed using the DC3 data related to influences of aerosols on droplet/storm formation, secondary aerosol formation, and transport of halogens.
Ultimately, determining the full impact of aerosols throughout their lifecycle on clouds, precipitation, and the radiation budget requires knowledge of the spatial distributions of aerosol microphysical and optical properties over time. The vertical distribution of light-absorbing aerosol impacts the diabatic heating rate profile, especially in cloud-free scenes, and hence changes the thermodynamic structure of the atmosphere. Aerosol optical depth is routinely measured at ARM Facility fixed and mobile sites using shortwave ground-based radiometry, but is limited to column averages in cloud-free conditions, whereas active remote sensing by lidar is used to determine the vertical distribution of aerosol under clear and cloudy conditions. The Doppler and Raman lidars to be acquired by the ARM Facility will further understanding in aerosol-cloud-precipitation-radiation processes with the capability to determine both aerosol vertical profiles and vertical air velocity. Observations of the concentration of CCN and the vertical velocity near cloud base, together with accurate measurements of cloud properties and radiative fluxes, will be used to develop and test representations describing the impact of aerosols on cloud microphysical properties. Aerosol absorption, its spectral dependence, and its dependence on relative humidity are difficult to measure with ground-based remote sensors. ASR will take advantage of recent advances in aircraft instrumentation to study how absorbing aerosol is vertically distributed in different geographical locations and its consequent impacts on vertically distributed radiative fluxes and heating. Improved remotely sensed measurements of total column aerosol absorption, especially in low aerosol optical depth conditions, will also be pursued.
In particular, the ASP focused on the processes that govern the properties of natural and anthropogenic atmospheric aerosols that most influence climate and climate change: the amount, spatial distribution, composition, size distribution, optical properties, and cloud nucleating properties....

Companies and Labs associated with ARM:
Argonne National Laboratories Environmental Science Division (EVS) Advancing informed environmental decision making
Los Alamos National Laboratory Recovery Act Projects at LANL The Lab received $212 million in Recovery Act funds to perform environmental remediation projects.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Its budget for 2010 is $707 million, with an additional $104 million in funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, for a total of $811 million...part of ARM
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Energy and Environmental Security Advance science to better understand climate change and its impacts and develop technologies supportive of a carbon-free energy future
National Renewable Energy Laboratory Energy analysis. Managed by UT-BATTELLE for the Department of Energy President Obama, cited work being performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory as an example of cutting edge...
Pacific Northwest Laboratory Aerosol Intermediate-scale Test Bed — to evaluate transport and dispersion of aerosols (e.g., dust and toxins) in response to temperature and wind speed in a controlled environment. The test bed supports ecotoxicology and environmental detection systems testing.
Sandia National LaboratoriesCenter for Integrated Nanotechnologies CINT, a partnership between Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories, is a focal point for Sandia’s current research in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Sandia is a government-owned/contractor operated (GOCO) facility. Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin company, manages Sandia for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration.

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